A Condensed History of INTEL

1) Chip Design Age -- ruled by Andy Grove (1979 -- 1998)

Bob Colwell and his colleagues designed the Pentium Pro in 1995, which has become the core of Pentium III, Pentum M and Core Duo.

2) Manufacturing Age -- ruled by Craig Barret (1998 - 2005)

No advances in CPU design. Hyperpipeling was used to jack up clock speed which was servred as as a marketing tool, made INTEL a funamentally a manufacturing company. Bob Colwell quit. Pentium 4 hit thermal wall. 90nm shrink made things worse than 130nm.

3) Marketing Age -- ruled by Paul Otellini and Eric B. Kim ( 2005--)

Going back to Bob Colwell's Pentum Pro with some modifications. VIIV, Core Duo, Leap Ahead were invented as new brands and new labels for the old 32 bit technology. Single cores glued together with FSB is being used to compete against AMD's multi-core with Direct Connect Architecture. 65 nm showed little improvement on performance and performance per watt over 90nm.